Карта знаний PHP — openai/gpt-6-luna, run-19 · think: medium

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Double-quoted strings interpolate variables and recognize more escape sequences than single-quoted strings."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The null coalescing operator checks like isset() and does not warn when a variable is undefined."}

{"answer":"ab","explanation":"The echo statement outputs both strings consecutively."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, `print` outputs a value and returns `1`, so it can be used in an expression."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Elvis operator returns its left operand when it is truthy, not falsy."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition and subtraction have higher precedence than the concatenation operator."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP exponentiation is right-associative, so the expression evaluates as 2 ** (3 ** 2), which is 512."}

{"answer":"sum: 5","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition has higher precedence than string concatenation."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"With strict comparison, arrays must have the same key-value pairs in the same order."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP, `==` is a loose comparison, and `0 == false` evaluates to true."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, a nonnumeric string is not loosely equal to the number 0."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, `null == 0`, `null == \"\"`, and `null == false` are all true under loose comparison."}

{"answer":42,"explanation":"Casting the string to an integer parses its leading numeric characters."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"PHP converts the numeric string '5' to a number before addition."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP, casting `false` to a string produces an empty string."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Floating-point arithmetic cannot represent these decimal values exactly, so the sum is not strictly identical to 0.3."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strrev() reverses bytes, which can corrupt multibyte UTF-8 characters."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The string 'Hello world' contains the substring 'world'."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"str_pad() can pad on the right, left, or both sides."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, trim() strips spaces, tabs, newlines, carriage returns, NUL bytes, and vertical tabs."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"In UTF-8, “é” uses two bytes and the other four characters use one byte each."}

{"answer":"def","explanation":"A negative start offset counts from the end, selecting the last three characters."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ucfirst() returns a new string with the first character capitalized; it does not modify the input in place."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Heredoc interpolates variables, while nowdoc treats its contents as literal text."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"sort() reindexes the array with numeric keys, so key-to-value associations are not preserved."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP converts a string array key containing a valid decimal integer, such as '5', to the integer key 5."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, in_array() uses loose comparison; strict comparison requires setting the third argument to true."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Without a callback, array_filter() removes elements considered empty by PHP."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, array_slice() reindexes numeric keys while preserving string keys."}

{"answer":"[20, 30]","explanation":"It returns two elements starting at index 1."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The array union keeps the left-hand 'a' and adds 'b', resulting in two elements."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.1 added support for string keys when unpacking arrays."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Named arguments can be combined with argument unpacking in a single call."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A PHP anonymous function does not inherit outer-scope variables unless they are explicitly imported with `use`."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"func_num_args() returns the number of arguments passed to the function, including extra arguments."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions contain a single expression and do not support a multi-expression block body."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions automatically capture outer variables by value, not by reference."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A static closure does not have access to the current object’s $this."}

{"answer":5,"explanation":"The closure captures `$x` by value when it is defined, so it returns 5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Without strict_types, PHP coerces the numeric string \"5\" to an integer for an int parameter."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Constructor property promotion is supported in PHP 8.0 and later."}

{"answer":"final","explanation":"The final keyword prevents a method from being overridden in subclasses."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A final method in PHP cannot be overridden by a subclass."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Private properties are accessible only within the class that declares them."}

{"answer":"class@anonymous","explanation":"Anonymous classes use the name `class@anonymous` before the NUL byte."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A parent’s private method is not inherited, so the child may declare a same-named method with any visibility."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"__get() is called when accessing inaccessible as well as non-existent properties."}

{"answer":"Error","explanation":"Reassigning an initialized readonly property throws an Error."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare constants, which implementing classes inherit."}

{"answer":"instanceof","explanation":"The `instanceof` operator checks whether an object belongs to a class or implements an interface."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare static methods that implementing classes must define."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The instanceof operator returns true for objects implementing the specified interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP interface methods declare signatures but cannot provide default implementations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"An abstract method may be declared public or protected, but not private."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"Foo declares three cases, so Foo::cases() returns three elements."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Since PHP 8.2, traits can declare constants."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Both Exception and Error implement the Throwable interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"TypeError inherits from Error, not Exception."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The @ operator suppresses certain reported errors, but it does not suppress exceptions."}

{"answer":"DivisionByZeroError","explanation":"Calling intdiv() with a zero divisor throws a DivisionByZeroError."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A finally block runs whether or not an exception is caught."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An exception thrown in a finally block can override the result or exception from the try block."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Objects in PHP are truthy when cast to boolean."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Functions registered with register_shutdown_function() run when the script ends, including when exit is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The `use` statement only imports a name; it does not load the class file."}

{"answer":"function","explanation":"In PHP, use function imports a function, while use const imports a constant."}

{"answer":"Controller/Api/UserController.php","explanation":"The namespace suffix after App\\ maps to Controller/Api/UserController.php under src/."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Composer’s vendor/autoload.php registers its autoloader using spl_autoload_register()."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"__NAMESPACE__ contains the name of the current namespace, or an empty string if there is none."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An unqualified class name in `new` is resolved in the current namespace, not from the global root."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The class name after the `App\\` prefix maps to `src/Model/User.php`."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Namespace import statements must be at the top level and cannot be written inside a function body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP arrays use value semantics, with copying typically deferred through copy-on-write."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"Appending to $b does not change $a because PHP uses copy-on-write."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP functions have local scope, so user-defined global variables must be explicitly brought into the function or passed in."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Unsetting an entry in $GLOBALS removes that global variable for the entire request."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The function increments $n by reference, changing it to 6."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A by-value foreach iterates over the array’s values as they were when iteration began, so later changes are not reliably visible in that pass."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A static property belongs to the class and is shared by its instances."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP converts boolean array keys to integers, so true is stored as 1."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A generator can return a value, which is retrieved with `$gen->getReturn()` after the generator finishes."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A generator that has been fully consumed is closed and cannot be rewound for another traversal."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"`yield from` delegates iteration to another generator or iterable."}

{"answer":"Generator","explanation":"A function containing yield returns an instance of the built-in Generator class."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The generator yields three values, so the resulting array contains three elements."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SplStack is a LIFO stack, not a FIFO queue."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"ArrayIterator wraps an array and provides Iterator traversal methods."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ArrayObject implements IteratorAggregate, so it can be traversed with foreach."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"password_hash() generates a cryptographically secure salt automatically."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, PASSWORD_DEFAULT uses bcrypt, not MD5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The hash generated from 'secret' verifies successfully against the same password."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strip_tags() removes HTML and PHP tags but does not prevent SQL injection; use parameterized queries."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Regenerating the session ID at login helps prevent session fixation attacks."}

{"answer":"php_sapi_name()","explanation":"It returns the name of the current Server API (SAPI)."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"session_destroy() removes the session data on the server but does not delete the session cookie from the browser."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Session data is available in $_SESSION only after the session is started, unless automatic session startup is configured."}

{"answer":"8.4.0","explanation":"The array_find() function was introduced in PHP 8.4.0."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.4 introduced property hooks, allowing get and set logic in property declarations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.4 introduced asymmetric visibility, including the `public private(set)` property syntax."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The NoDiscard attribute was introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The pipe operator |> was introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.3","explanation":"Clone-with syntax was introduced in PHP 8.3."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The array_first() and array_last() functions were introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.6","explanation":"The Partial Function Application v2 RFC was adopted for PHP 8.6."}

{"answer":"8.6","explanation":"The clamp_v2 RFC was implemented for PHP 8.6."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The claim that the RFC has already been adopted is not established."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Bound-Erased Generic Types RFC was declined in 2026."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP has not accepted an RFC to enable ZTS by default."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.5 does not add native generics to the language."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"On 2026-11-07, PHP 8.5 is the latest stable release, and PHP 8.6 is not scheduled for GA until 2026-11-19."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 6 was abandoned, and PHP 7.0 followed PHP 5.6."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The RFC adding the built-in #[\\Deprecated] attribute was accepted and implemented in PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In clean and onion architecture, dependencies point inward, so inner layers do not depend on outer layers."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Domain entities should remain independent of Doctrine and Symfony, relying only on PHP and optionally its standard library."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Controllers and Twig templates belong to the presentation layer, even when controllers call use cases."}

{"answer":"Domain model","explanation":"The domain model sits at the center of the onion architecture."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A layer-dependency analyzer such as Deptrac can detect dependencies that violate configured layer rules."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Use cases should depend on application-level inputs and abstractions, not HTTP requests or concrete infrastructure services like an EntityManager."}

{"answer":"Repository","explanation":"A repository provides access to aggregates or entities while hiding the underlying storage mechanism."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Clean Architecture isolates database-specific details in outer-layer adapters behind interfaces used by the domain and use cases."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An aggregate is a domain model consistency boundary, not a database table."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A Value Object is defined by its field values and is typically immutable."}

{"answer":"aggregate root","explanation":"The aggregate root is the single entry point through which external code accesses and changes an aggregate."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In DDD, repositories typically provide access to aggregate roots rather than individual entities within an aggregate."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Ubiquitous language is the shared vocabulary used by developers and domain experts to describe the domain model."}

{"answer":"bounded context","explanation":"A bounded context defines where a domain model and its terminology have consistent meaning."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DDD generally favors rich domain models that encapsulate business logic rather than anemic objects with logic only in services."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A concept can have different models in separate bounded contexts, but it need not be implemented as a different class."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony services are generally instantiated when first requested from the container, rather than when the container is built."}

{"answer":"debug:router","explanation":"The `debug:router` command lists all registered routes."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony can discover services automatically and autowire their dependencies using resource-based configuration."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig compiles templates into PHP code and can cache the compiled templates between requests."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In the dev environment, Symfony checks tracked resources and rebuilds the container when they change."}

{"answer":"APP_ENV","explanation":"Symfony uses the APP_ENV environment variable to select the active environment."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony routes to controller actions that must be public methods."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Subscribers do not inherently run before listeners; event priority determines execution order."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 6 removed the Guard authentication system in favor of the authenticator system."}

{"answer":"IsGranted","explanation":"Symfony’s #[IsGranted] attribute checks authorization and denies access with a 403 when the requirement is not met."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony voters evaluate whether a user is allowed to perform an attribute, such as EDIT, on a specific object."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 7 removed Doctrine annotation mapping for validation constraints; PHP attributes are supported instead."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony enables CSRF protection for forms by default and validates the token when a form is submitted."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony validates submitted form data on the server regardless of client-side HTML5 checks."}

{"answer":"make:form","explanation":"The Symfony Maker command `make:form` generates a FormType class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony stores authenticated user information in the session, not the user's plain-text password."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony bundle configuration is typically stored in config/packages, organized into files by bundle or topic."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The committed .env file provides defaults, while .env.local is typically ignored and holds local secrets."}

{"answer":"debug:container","explanation":"The `debug:container` command lists registered services and their aliases."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Symfony container’s parameter bag is frozen at runtime, so `setParameter()` throws an exception."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony services are private by default and generally cannot be fetched directly from the container."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A bundle can work without a configuration file if it does not require custom configuration."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony injects environment variable values into configuration using the %env(VAR)% syntax."}

{"answer":"APP_DEBUG","explanation":"Set APP_DEBUG to enable or disable Symfony debug mode."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A Symfony Messenger message can be handled by multiple handlers."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The sync transport handles the message immediately in the current process rather than queueing it for a worker."}

{"answer":"php bin/console messenger:consume async","explanation":"The `messenger:consume` command starts a worker for the specified transport, such as `async`."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Messenger retry strategies are configured individually for each transport."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, Messenger uses PHP serialization rather than JSON."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Scheduler triggers scheduled messages and dispatches them through Messenger."}

{"answer":"doctrine","explanation":"The Doctrine Messenger transport stores messages in database tables using Doctrine."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Custom middleware can be added to the Messenger bus and ordered before or after built-in middleware."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony releases minor versions every six months and major versions every two years."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8 requires PHP 8.4 or higher."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 7.0 removed support for docblock annotations in favor of PHP attributes."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper manages CSS and JavaScript assets without a Node.js build tool, with importmap.php configuring JavaScript imports."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 6.4 is a long-term support (LTS) release."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony major releases may remove features that were deprecated in the previous major version."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony provides upgrade guides documenting changes for major releases."}

{"answer":"AssetMapper","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper manages assets and import maps without requiring Node.js or Webpack."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 was scheduled for release in November 2026, before November 7."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony follows a six-month release cycle, placing Symfony 8.2 in November 2026."}

{"answer":"8.2","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 follows Symfony 8.1."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is a minor release and does not require applications to be rewritten for new APIs."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP 8.2 introduced deprecations, such as dynamic properties, that may require code changes."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8.4 is the final minor release in the 8.x branch before Symfony 9.0."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 does not require PHP 8.5; it supports PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony removes deprecated features only in the next major version, so 8.x deprecations remain until Symfony 9.0."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig restricts function calls to those provided by Twig or explicitly registered extensions."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig enables automatic escaping by default for printed variables."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig’s |e filter escapes a string for HTML output by default."}

{"answer":"format_number","explanation":"The `format_number` filter formats a number according to the current or specified locale."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `raw` filter marks a value as safe so it bypasses automatic escaping."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig uses {{ }} to output values and {% %} for control-flow and other tags."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig lets you declare variables in a template using the `set` tag."}

{"answer":"dump","explanation":"Twig’s `dump()` function displays the debug structure of a variable."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap provides styling and UI components, but it is not an SPA framework."}

{"answer":".container","explanation":"The `.container` class provides a responsive fixed max-width that changes at breakpoints."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap’s grid uses 12 columns, and modern versions use flexbox rather than floats."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap uses sm, md, lg, xl, and xxl as its five breakpoint infixes."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The number selects a value from the spacing scale; it is not itself a multiplier of $spacer."}

{"answer":"data-bs-toggle","explanation":"Bootstrap 5 uses the data-bs-toggle attribute to enable interactive components such as dropdowns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap 5 components use vanilla JavaScript and do not require jQuery."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap enables dark mode by setting `data-bs-theme=\"dark\"` on the root element, not by adding a `.dark` class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM requires schema creation through migrations or schema tools; it does not create tables automatically when entities are first used."}

{"answer":"persist()","explanation":"persist() marks a new entity as managed, and SQL is executed when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM 3 removed `EntityManager::merge()`, so it cannot make the passed object managed."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"DQL refers to entities and their mapped fields rather than database tables and columns."}

{"answer":null,"explanation":"The repository’s find method returns null when no record with that ID exists."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DoctrineBundle does not automatically call flush() at the end of each request."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Unit of Work detects changes to managed entities and writes them when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In Doctrine ORM, remove() schedules the entity for deletion, which is executed when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL’s MVCC generally lets readers and writers proceed without blocking each other."}

{"answer":"EXPLAIN","explanation":"EXPLAIN displays a query’s execution plan without running it."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SERIAL uses a sequence and a column default, while IDENTITY is a distinct SQL-standard column feature."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL treats NULL values as distinct in a UNIQUE constraint by default, so multiple rows can contain NULL."}

{"answer":"string_agg","explanation":"PostgreSQL’s string_agg function concatenates values using a specified separator."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Plain VACUUM makes space reusable within the table but generally does not return it to the operating system."}

{"answer":"PARTITION BY","explanation":"PARTITION BY divides rows into groups for the window function."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"READ COMMITTED allows a repeated query to return different values if another transaction commits an update between reads."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"By default, each PostgreSQL statement runs in its own transaction unless an explicit transaction block is used."}

{"answer":"COMMIT","explanation":"COMMIT ends the transaction and saves all its changes."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Indexes help UPDATE and DELETE locate matching rows more quickly when their search conditions use indexed columns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PostgreSQL savepoints let you roll back part of a transaction without rolling back the entire transaction."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"EXPLAIN ANALYZE executes the query and reports actual runtime statistics alongside the plan."}

{"answer":"pgvector","explanation":"pgvector adds vector types and indexes for similarity search in PostgreSQL."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A partial index includes only rows that satisfy its WHERE condition."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL SERIALIZABLE uses Serializable Snapshot Isolation and predicate locks to detect conflicts, rather than locking every row read."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 201 Created indicates that the request successfully created a new resource."}

{"answer":204,"explanation":"HTTP 204 No Content indicates the request succeeded and the response has no body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"DELETE is idempotent because repeating it has the same intended effect as making it once, even if responses differ."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The server sends Access-Control-Allow-Origin to indicate which origins may access its responses."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 429 indicates that the client has sent too many requests in a given time."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"4xx codes indicate client errors, while 5xx codes indicate server errors."}

{"answer":"Content-Type","explanation":"The Content-Type header specifies the MIME type of the body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"RFC 5789 does not require PATCH requests to be idempotent, whereas PUT is defined as idempotent."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Use `password_verify()` to check a password hash rather than comparing hashes with `==`."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The server binds the token to the user’s session and verifies it on unsafe requests."}

{"answer":"Content-Security-Policy","explanation":"The Content-Security-Policy HTTP header enables a CSP policy."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"OAuth 2.0 is an authorization framework, and an access token does not necessarily identify the user."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Input validation alone does not prevent XSS; output must be properly encoded for its context."}

{"answer":"code","explanation":"The authorization server sends the authorization code to the redirect URI for exchange for an access token."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A refresh token can be used to obtain a new access token after the current one expires."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A salt is stored alongside the hash and does not need to be secret to verify a password."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit test methods must belong to a test case class, typically one extending `PHPUnit\\Framework\\TestCase`."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"setUp() runs before each test; setUpBeforeClass() runs once before the class’s tests."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A data provider can supply exactly one set of arguments for a test."}

{"answer":"expectException","explanation":"Call expectException() with the exception class name."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A stub returns configured data, while a mock can verify that expected methods were called."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHPUnit 10 recommends the #[DataProvider] attribute, while the @dataProvider annotation is deprecated."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit supports dependent tests using the @depends annotation or Depends attribute."}

{"answer":"--order-by=random","explanation":"The --order-by=random option runs tests in random order."}

{"answer":"3-3","explanation":"`intdiv` truncates toward zero, and the results are concatenated as strings."}

{"answer": -9, "explanation": "Exponentiation is evaluated before unary negation, so the result is -(3 ** 2)."}

{"answer":"true","explanation":"Both strings are numeric, and `1e1` equals `10`."}

{"answer":"other","explanation":"In PHP 8, the nonnumeric string 'a' does not loosely equal 0, so the default branch runs."}

{"answer":"2c","explanation":"The array form of `strtr` matches the longest key first, so `ab` becomes `2` and `c` remains unchanged."}

{"answer":"[hello]","explanation":"A negative offset before the start of the string is treated as offset zero."}

{"answer":"k,n,m","explanation":"The array union keeps the left-hand value for duplicate key `k` and adds the new key `m`."}

{"answer":"yxz","explanation":"The rows are sorted by their third values, and equal values retain their original order."}

{"answer":4,"explanation":"The unpacked array uses named arguments, so the function computes 5 − 1."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The callable retains the object, so it returns the property value 3."}

{"answer":"B","explanation":"Late static binding makes `static::class` resolve to the runtime class, `B`."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"The set hook stores twice the assigned value, so `$x` becomes 10."}

{"answer":"BA","explanation":"TB::f takes precedence for f(), while TA::f is aliased as g()."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"Each class gets its own copy of the trait’s static property, so CY::$n remains 0."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The return in the finally block overrides the return from the try block."}

{"answer":"second","explanation":"The exception thrown in the `finally` block replaces the pending exception and is caught by the outer handler."}

{"answer":"App\\Foo|Baz","explanation":"The alias resolves to `App\\Foo`, while `\\Baz` refers to the global name `Baz`."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The runtime string `Foo` checks the global class, while `Ns\\Foo` matches the declared class."}

{"answer":"1,2,99","explanation":"After the loop, `$v` still references the array’s last element, so assigning 99 changes it."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The inherited method shares its static local variable between A and B, so the third call returns 3."}

{"answer": 11, "explanation": "Sending 10 resumes the generator with `$x` set to 10, so it returns 11."}

{"answer":"1,2,ok","explanation":"The delegated generator yields 1 and 2, then its return value 'ok' is yielded by outer()."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The hash matches cost 4, but needs rehashing for cost 5."}

{"answer":"strict-in","explanation":"In PHP 8.5, `E_ALL` includes the bit value `2048`, so the expression selects `'strict-in'`."}

{"answer":"mapped","explanation":"Symfony maps the `HTTP_X_TOKEN` server value to the `X-Token` request header."}

{"answer":"BCA","explanation":"Listeners run in descending priority order: 10, 5, then the default 0."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Doctrine’s identity map returns the same managed entity instance for repeated lookups by the same identifier."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"Removing a new entity before flush cancels its scheduled insertion, so no row is written."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"COUNT(x) counts only non-NULL values, and the table has one."}

{"answer":"10,30,60","explanation":"The window sum produces 10, 30, and 60 in ID order, and string_agg joins them with commas."}

{"answer":"M1M2","explanation":"The middleware run in order and echo their tags before the exhausted stack causes an exception."}

{"answer":11,"explanation":"The middleware invokes both handlers, which add 1 and 10 to `$n`."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"The unique index allows only one row with a value of 1, so the second insert is skipped."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The deferred unique constraint is checked at transaction commit, so both rows are present when the count is queried."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The filter matches both test_sum and test_sum_abs, and each runs with three data sets."}

{"answer":"1, 1","explanation":"PHPUnit treats the non-static data provider as an error, producing one failing test."}

{"answer":"POST","explanation":"The `-d` option makes curl send a POST request by default."}

{"answer":"GET","explanation":"The `-G` option makes curl send the `-d` data in the URL query string using GET."}

{"answer":"invalid_client","explanation":"RFC 6749 specifies `invalid_client` when client authentication fails or the client is unknown."}

{"answer":"URI fragment","explanation":"With response_type=token, the authorization server returns the access token in the redirect URI fragment."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"Twig’s default filter replaces false with 2, and 2 multiplied by 3 is 6."}

{"answer":"a3","explanation":"Addition is evaluated before concatenation, so the template renders as the string \"a3\" without throwing an exception."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"The non-empty array is not blank, so validation produces zero violations."}

{"answer":"Symfony\\Component\\Form\\Exception\\LogicException","explanation":"Calling isValid() on a form that has not been submitted throws a LogicException."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Services are shared by default, so both calls return the same object."}

{"answer":"hi Bob!","explanation":"Compilation resolves the nested parameter references in the message."}

{"answer":960,"explanation":"At a 992px viewport, Bootstrap 5.3 uses the 960px container width for the lg breakpoint."}

{"answer":"text-danger","explanation":"Bootstrap’s utility CSS order makes `.text-danger` override `.text-primary` when both classes are present."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on both Application and Infrastructure, which are not allowed by its rules."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on one Application class and two Infrastructure classes, all disallowed by the rules."}

{"answer":"10,15","explanation":"add() returns a new Money object, leaving $a unchanged."}

{"answer": 1, "explanation": "Removing the sole item throws before it is unset, so the count remains 1."}

{"answer":"hi","explanation":"The method call returns the string 'hi', which is printed."}

{"answer":"yesno","explanation":"The ghost is initially uninitialized, and reading `$o->v` triggers its initializer."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"`AbstractGuardAuthenticator` was removed from Symfony Security before version 8.1."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"Symfony 8.1 no longer provides AnnotationClassLoader, while AttributeClassLoader exists."}