Карта знаний PHP — openai/gpt-6-luna, run-17 · think: medium

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Double-quoted strings parse variables and more escape sequences, while single-quoted strings generally do not."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The null coalescing operator checks whether a variable is set and non-null without raising a warning for an undefined variable."}

{"answer":"ab","explanation":"The echo statement outputs both strings consecutively."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, `print` returns `1` and can be used as part of an expression."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Elvis operator returns its left operand when it is truthy, and the right operand otherwise."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition and subtraction have higher precedence than string concatenation."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP exponentiation is right-associative, so 2 ** 3 ** 2 evaluates to 2 ** (3 ** 2), which is 512."}

{"answer":"sum: 5","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition has higher precedence than string concatenation."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"With strict comparison, arrays must have the same key-value pairs in the same order."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The == operator performs a loose comparison, and 0 == false evaluates to true."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, a nonnumeric string compared with a number is converted to a number only in specific cases, so \"abc\" == 0 is false."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, null loosely compares equal to 0, the empty string, and false."}

{"answer":42,"explanation":"Casting a string with a leading numeric value to int returns that numeric value."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"PHP converts the numeric string '5' to a number before addition."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP, casting false to a string produces an empty string."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Floating-point rounding makes 0.1 + 0.2 slightly different from 0.3."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strrev() reverses bytes, so it does not correctly reverse UTF-8 characters."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The string 'Hello world' contains the substring 'world'."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"str_pad() can pad on the left, right, or both sides."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, trim() strips spaces, tabs, newlines, and other specified whitespace characters."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"In UTF-8, “é” uses 2 bytes and the other four characters use 1 byte each."}

{"answer":"def","explanation":"A negative start offset counts from the end of the string."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ucfirst() returns a new string with the first character capitalized and does not modify the original string."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Heredoc interpolates variables, while nowdoc treats its contents as literal text."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"sort() reindexes the array with numeric keys, so it does not preserve key-to-value associations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP converts numeric string keys like '5' to integer keys."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, in_array() uses loose comparison; strict comparison requires setting its third argument to true."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Without a callback, array_filter() removes elements whose values evaluate to false."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, array_slice() reindexes numeric keys; set the fourth argument to true to preserve them."}

{"answer":"[20, 30]","explanation":"The slice starts at index 1 and includes 2 elements."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The array union keeps the left value for 'a' and adds 'b', resulting in two elements."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.1 added support for string keys in array unpacking."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP 8 and later allow named arguments to be combined with argument unpacking."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A PHP anonymous function must use `use` to capture variables from the outer scope."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"func_num_args() returns the number of arguments passed to the function, including extra arguments."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions have a single expression as their body and cannot contain a block of statements in curly braces."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions capture outer variables by value, not by reference."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A static closure is not bound to an object and therefore does not capture $this."}

{"answer":5,"explanation":"The closure captures `$x` by value when it is created, so it returns 5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Without strict_types, PHP coerces the numeric string \"5\" to an integer for an int parameter."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Constructor property promotion was introduced in PHP 8.0."}

{"answer":"final","explanation":"The `final` keyword prevents a method from being overridden in subclasses."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, a subclass cannot override a method declared final in its parent class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Private properties are accessible only within the class that declares them."}

{"answer":"class@anonymous","explanation":"Anonymous class names begin with `class@anonymous` before the NUL byte."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A parent’s private method is not inherited, so a child may declare a same-named method with any visibility."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"__get() is also called when accessing inaccessible properties."}

{"answer":"Error","explanation":"Reassigning an initialized readonly property throws an Error."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare constants."}

{"answer":"instanceof","explanation":"The instanceof operator checks whether an object belongs to a class or implements an interface."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare static methods that implementing classes must define."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP, instanceof returns true for objects whose class implements the specified interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP interface methods must be declared without an implementation; traits can provide method implementations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"An abstract method may be declared public or protected in PHP."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"Foo::cases() returns one element for each of its three cases."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.2 and later allow traits to declare constants."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Both Exception and Error implement the Throwable interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"TypeError extends Error, not Exception, so a catch (Exception $e) block will not catch it."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The @ operator suppresses diagnostics, but it does not suppress thrown exceptions."}

{"answer":"DivisionByZeroError","explanation":"Calling intdiv() with a zero divisor throws a DivisionByZeroError."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A finally block runs whether or not an exception is caught."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An exception thrown in a finally block can override the result or exception from the try block."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, objects are truthy when cast to boolean."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP runs registered shutdown functions when execution ends, including when exit is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The `use` statement only imports a name; class loading occurs when the class is used, typically via autoloading."}

{"answer":"function","explanation":"Use the `function` keyword to import a function."}

{"answer":"Controller/Api/UserController.php","explanation":"The namespace suffix after `App\\` maps to the corresponding path under `src/`."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Composer’s vendor/autoload.php registers Composer’s autoloader using spl_autoload_register()."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"__NAMESPACE__ contains the name of the current namespace, or an empty string in the global namespace."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An unqualified class name in `new` is resolved in the current namespace, not automatically from the global root."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `Model\\User` namespace portion maps to `src/Model/User.php` under the `App\\` prefix."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Namespace import statements must be declared at the top level, not inside a function body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP arrays use value semantics, with copy-on-write optimization when assigned."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"Appending to $b does not change $a because PHP uses copy-on-write."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP functions do not automatically have access to user-defined global variables."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Unsetting `$GLOBALS['x']` removes the global variable for the rest of the script, not just for that function."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The function increments $n by reference, changing it from 5 to 6."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A by-value foreach iterates over a snapshot, so changes to the array generally aren’t reflected during that pass."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A static property belongs to the class and is shared by all its instances."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Boolean array keys are converted to integers, so true is stored as 1."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A generator can return a value, which is retrieved after it finishes with getReturn()."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A generator cannot be rewound after it has been run to completion."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `yield from` construct delegates iteration to another generator or iterable."}

{"answer":"Generator","explanation":"Calling a generator function returns a Generator object."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The generator yields three values, so the resulting array contains three elements."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SplStack is a LIFO stack; SplQueue implements a FIFO queue."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"ArrayIterator can wrap an array and traverse it using the Iterator interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ArrayObject implements the IteratorAggregate interface, so it can be traversed with foreach."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"password_hash() generates a random salt automatically, so you normally do not need to provide one."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, PASSWORD_DEFAULT uses bcrypt, not MD5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The hash was generated from the same password, so verification succeeds."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strip_tags() removes HTML and PHP tags but does not prevent SQL injection."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Regenerating the session ID after login helps prevent session fixation attacks."}

{"answer":"php_sapi_name()","explanation":"It returns the name of the current PHP SAPI."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"session_destroy() removes the session data on the server but does not delete the session cookie from the browser."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The session data is not available in `$_SESSION` unless the session is started, for example with `session_start()`."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"The array_find() function was introduced in PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Property hooks were introduced in PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.4 introduced asymmetric property visibility, including the `public private(set)` syntax."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The #[\\NoDiscard] attribute was introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The pipe operator |> first appeared in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.3","explanation":"Clone-with syntax was introduced in PHP 8.3."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The array_first() and array_last() functions were introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.6","explanation":"The Partial Function Application v2 RFC was adopted for PHP 8.6."}

{"answer":"8.6.0","explanation":"The clamp_v2 RFC was implemented for PHP 8.6."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Context Managers v2 RFC had been adopted by PHP by 2026-11-07."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Bound-Erased Generic Types RFC was declined in 2026."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP has not accepted an RFC to enable ZTS by default."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.5 still has no native support for generics."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.5 is the latest stable release as of 2026-11-07, and PHP 8.6 is not scheduled for GA until 2026-11-19."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 6 was abandoned, and PHP 5.6 was followed by PHP 7.0."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The RFC adding the built-in #[\\Deprecated] attribute was accepted and implemented in PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In clean and onion architecture, dependencies point inward, so inner layers do not depend on outer layers."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Domain entities should be independent of frameworks and persistence libraries."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Controllers and Twig templates belong to the presentation layer; use cases contain the business logic."}

{"answer":"Domain model","explanation":"The domain model sits at the center of the onion architecture."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A layer-dependency analyzer can detect forbidden dependencies and fail when a layer boundary is violated."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A use case should not depend directly on HTTP requests or an ORM EntityManager; use application-level inputs and abstractions instead."}

{"answer":"Repository","explanation":"A repository provides access to collections of aggregates or entities while hiding the underlying storage mechanism."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Clean Architecture isolates database details behind interfaces, so replacing PostgreSQL should not require changes to the domain or use cases."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An aggregate is a domain consistency boundary, not a database table."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A Value Object is defined by its field values and is typically immutable."}

{"answer":"Aggregate Root","explanation":"The Aggregate Root is the single entry point through which external code accesses and changes an aggregate."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In DDD, repositories typically provide access to aggregate roots rather than individual entities within an aggregate."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Ubiquitous language is a shared vocabulary used by developers and domain experts to describe the domain."}

{"answer":"bounded context","explanation":"A bounded context defines where a model and its language have consistent meaning."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DDD generally favors domain models that encapsulate behavior and business rules rather than anemic objects with logic only in services."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A bounded context has its own model, so the same real-world concept can be represented by different classes in different contexts."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony services are normally instantiated when first retrieved from the container."}

{"answer":"debug:router","explanation":"The `debug:router` command lists all registered routes."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony can automatically discover and autowire services without manually declaring each one in services.yaml."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig compiles templates into PHP classes and can cache the compiled code between requests."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In the dev environment, Symfony checks tracked resources and rebuilds the container when they change, rather than on every request."}

{"answer":"APP_ENV","explanation":"Symfony uses the APP_ENV environment variable to select the active environment."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony routes must target publicly callable controller methods."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Subscribers have no automatic priority over listeners; execution order depends on configured priority."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 6 removed Guard in favor of the authenticator system."}

{"answer":"IsGranted","explanation":"Symfony’s #[IsGranted] attribute denies access with a 403 when the required role or permission is missing."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony voters make authorization decisions for a specific subject, such as whether a user may EDIT a post."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 7 no longer supports Doctrine annotation mapping for validation constraints, though other mapping formats are still available."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony forms have CSRF protection enabled by default and validate the token when submitted."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony validates submitted form data on the server regardless of client-side HTML5 checks."}

{"answer":"make:form","explanation":"The Symfony MakerBundle command `make:form` generates a FormType class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony stores authentication data in the session, not the user's plain-text password."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony package configuration is stored in config/packages, commonly organized into separate files by bundle or topic."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The committed .env file can contain development defaults, while .env.local is typically excluded from version control and used for machine-specific secrets."}

{"answer":"debug:container","explanation":"The `debug:container` command lists registered services and their aliases."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The compiled Symfony container is frozen at runtime, so changing parameters with setParameter() is not allowed."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony services are private by default and generally cannot be fetched directly from the container."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A bundle can work without a configuration file if it does not require configuration."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony supports injecting environment variable values with the %env(VAR)% syntax in services.yaml."}

{"answer":"APP_DEBUG","explanation":"Symfony uses APP_DEBUG to enable or disable debug mode."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony Messenger can dispatch a message to multiple handlers."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The sync transport handles the message immediately in the current process rather than queuing it for a worker."}

{"answer":"php bin/console messenger:consume","explanation":"The `messenger:consume` command starts a Symfony Messenger worker."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Each Messenger transport can define its own `retry_strategy` configuration."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony Messenger’s default serializer uses PHP serialization, not JSON."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Scheduler generates scheduled messages and dispatches them through Messenger."}

{"answer":"doctrine","explanation":"Symfony Messenger’s Doctrine transport stores messages in database tables via Doctrine."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Messenger lets you add custom middleware and control its position relative to built-in middleware."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony releases minor versions every six months and major versions every two years."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8 requires PHP 8.4 or higher."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 7.0 dropped built-in support for docblock annotations in routing and validation; use PHP attributes instead."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper handles assets without a Node.js build pipeline, while `importmap.php` configures JavaScript imports."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 6.4 is a long-term support (LTS) release."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony major releases may remove features that were deprecated in the previous branch."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony publishes upgrade guides that document changes and migration steps for major releases."}

{"answer":"Symfony AssetMapper","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper manages assets and import maps without requiring Node.js or Webpack."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is scheduled for release later in November 2026, after November 7."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony follows a six-month release cycle, placing Symfony 8.2 in November 2026."}

{"answer":"8.2","explanation":"Symfony’s next minor version after 8.1 is 8.2."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is a minor release, not a major release requiring applications to be rewritten."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP 8.2 includes backward-incompatible changes and deprecations that may require code updates."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8.4 is the final minor release in the 8.x branch before Symfony 9.0."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is expected to retain Symfony 8’s PHP 8.4 minimum rather than require PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony keeps deprecations introduced in a major version until the next major version."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig only allows PHP functionality exposed through its registered functions, filters, and methods."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig auto-escapes printed variables by default using the HTML escaping strategy."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig’s `e` filter escapes a string for the specified context, defaulting to HTML."}

{"answer":"format_number","explanation":"The `format_number` filter formats a number according to the current locale."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `raw` filter marks a value as safe so it is not auto-escaped."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig uses `{{ }}` to output values and `{% %}` for tags such as conditions, loops, and assignments."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig’s `{% set %}` tag lets you declare variables inside a template."}

{"answer":"dump","explanation":"Twig’s `dump()` function displays the debug structure of a variable."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap provides styling and UI components, but it is not an SPA framework."}

{"answer":".container","explanation":"The `.container` class provides a responsive fixed max-width at each breakpoint."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap’s grid uses 12 columns, not 16."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap has five breakpoint infixes—sm, md, lg, xl, and xxl—while xs has no infix."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The numeric suffix selects a value from the spacing scale, whose values are based on multiples or fractions of $spacer."}

{"answer":"data-bs-toggle","explanation":"Bootstrap 5 uses the data-bs-toggle attribute to enable interactive components such as dropdowns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap 5’s JavaScript components use vanilla JavaScript and do not require jQuery."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap 5.3 enables dark mode with the `data-bs-theme=\"dark\"` attribute, not a `.dark` class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM does not create tables automatically at runtime; the schema must be created separately, typically with migrations."}

{"answer":"persist","explanation":"The `persist()` method marks a new object as managed and defers SQL execution until `flush()`."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM 3 removed EntityManager::merge(), so it cannot make the passed object managed."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"DQL refers to entities and their fields rather than database tables and columns."}

{"answer":"null","explanation":"The repository’s find method returns null when no record with that ID exists."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DoctrineBundle does not automatically call `flush()` at the end of each request."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Unit of Work detects changes to managed entities and writes them on flush() without another persist()."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In Doctrine ORM, remove() schedules the entity for deletion, which is executed during flush()."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL MVCC generally lets readers and writers proceed without blocking each other."}

{"answer":"EXPLAIN","explanation":"EXPLAIN displays a query’s execution plan without running the query."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SERIAL uses a sequence-backed default, while GENERATED AS IDENTITY is a distinct SQL-standard column feature."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL treats NULL values as distinct in a UNIQUE constraint by default, so multiple rows can contain NULL."}

{"answer":"string_agg","explanation":"PostgreSQL's string_agg concatenates values using a specified separator."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Plain VACUUM makes dead-tuple space reusable within the table but generally does not return it to the operating system."}

{"answer":"PARTITION BY","explanation":"PARTITION BY divides rows into groups for the window function."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"READ COMMITTED allows a repeated read to return a different value if another transaction commits an update."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"By default, each statement runs in its own transaction unless an explicit transaction block is used."}

{"answer":"COMMIT","explanation":"COMMIT ends the transaction and saves its changes."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Indexes help UPDATE and DELETE locate matching rows more quickly when their search conditions use indexed columns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A SAVEPOINT lets PostgreSQL roll back part of a transaction without aborting the entire transaction."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"EXPLAIN ANALYZE executes the query and reports actual runtime statistics along with the plan."}

{"answer":"pgvector","explanation":"The pgvector extension adds vector types and indexes for embedding search in PostgreSQL."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A partial index contains entries only for rows that satisfy its WHERE condition."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL uses Serializable Snapshot Isolation with predicate locks to detect conflicts, rather than locking every row a transaction reads."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 201 Created indicates that the request resulted in a new resource being created."}

{"answer":204,"explanation":"HTTP 204 No Content indicates success with no response body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP defines DELETE as idempotent because repeating it has the same intended effect as doing it once."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The server sends Access-Control-Allow-Origin in its response to indicate which origins may access the resource."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 429 indicates that the client has sent too many requests in a given period."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"4xx codes indicate client errors, while 5xx codes indicate server errors."}

{"answer":"Content-Type","explanation":"The Content-Type header indicates the MIME type of the body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"RFC 5789 does not require PATCH to be idempotent, whereas PUT is defined as idempotent."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Use password_verify() to check a password against a stored password hash."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The server issues a session-bound CSRF token and validates it on unsafe requests."}

{"answer":"Content-Security-Policy","explanation":"The Content-Security-Policy HTTP response header enables a CSP policy."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"OAuth 2.0 is an authorization framework, and an access token does not inherently identify the user."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Input validation alone does not prevent XSS; output must be contextually escaped when rendered."}

{"answer":"code","explanation":"The authorization server sends the authorization code to the redirect_uri, where it is exchanged for an access token."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A refresh token can be used to obtain a new access token without requiring the user to log in again."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A password hash can be verified using its stored salt, which does not need to be secret."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit test methods must generally belong to a class extending `PHPUnit\\Framework\\TestCase`."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit runs setUp() before each test; setUpBeforeClass() runs once before the class's tests."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A data provider can supply multiple sets of arguments for a test to run with."}

{"answer":"expectException","explanation":"Call expectException() with the expected exception class name."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A stub provides configured responses, while a mock can verify that expected methods were called."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHPUnit 10 recommends the #[DataProvider] attribute; docblock metadata such as @dataProvider is deprecated."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit supports dependent tests that use the result of another test."}

{"answer":"--order-by=random","explanation":"The --order-by option accepts random to run tests in random order."}

{"answer":"3-3","explanation":"`intdiv` truncates both quotients toward zero, producing 3 and -3, which are concatenated."}

{"answer":-9,"explanation":"Exponentiation has higher precedence than unary minus, so this evaluates as -(3 ** 2)."}

{"answer":"true","explanation":"Both strings are numeric strings with the value 10, so they compare equal."}

{"answer":"other","explanation":"The case comparison does not match, so the default branch prints `other`."}

{"answer":"2c","explanation":"strtr() matches the longest applicable key first, so it replaces “ab” with “2” and leaves “c” unchanged."}

{"answer":"[hello]","explanation":"An offset more negative than the string length starts at the beginning, so `substr` returns `hello`."}

{"answer":"k,n,m","explanation":"The array union keeps the left-hand value for duplicate keys and adds the new key `m`."}

{"answer":"yxz","explanation":"Sorting by the third value puts the row with 1 first, while the two rows with 2 retain their order."}

{"answer":4,"explanation":"String keys in the unpacked array are treated as named arguments, so the call is equivalent to f(a: 5, b: 1)."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The callable retains the object, so it returns the property value 3."}

{"answer":"B","explanation":"Late static binding makes `static::class` resolve to the called object's class, `B`."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"The set hook stores twice the assigned value in the property's backing storage."}

{"answer":"BA","explanation":"The precedence rule selects `TB::f` for `f()`, while `g()` is an alias for `TA::f`."}

{"answer": 0, "explanation": "Each class gets its own copy of the trait’s static property, so CY::$n remains 0."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The return in the finally block overrides the return from the try block."}

{"answer":"second","explanation":"The exception thrown in the finally block replaces the first exception and is caught by the outer catch."}

{"answer":"App\\Foo|Baz","explanation":"`Baz::class` resolves through the import, while `\\Baz::class` names the global class `Baz`."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The runtime string `Foo` checks for a global class, while `Ns\\Foo` names the declared class."}

{"answer":"1,2,99","explanation":"The reference variable `$v` still points to the last array element after the loop."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The method’s static local variable is shared by calls through both classes, so the final call returns 3."}

{"answer":11,"explanation":"The generator receives 10 as the value of the yield expression and returns 11."}

{"answer":"1,2,ok","explanation":"The delegated generator returns 'ok', which the outer generator yields after 1 and 2."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The hash matches cost 4 but needs rehashing for cost 5."}

{"answer":"strict-in","explanation":"E_ALL includes the 2048 bit, so the comparison is false."}

{"answer":"mapped","explanation":"Symfony maps the `HTTP_X_TOKEN` server variable to the `X-Token` request header."}

{"answer":"BCA","explanation":"Listeners run in descending priority order: 10, 5, then the default 0."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Doctrine’s identity map returns the same managed object for repeated lookups of the same entity."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"Removing a newly persisted entity before flush cancels its scheduled insert."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"COUNT(x) counts only non-NULL values, and the table contains one."}

{"answer":"10,30,60","explanation":"The window sum produces 10, 30, and 60 in id order, which string_agg joins with commas."}

{"answer":"M1M2","explanation":"Both middleware echo their tags before the exhausted stack causes an exception."}

{"answer":11,"explanation":"Both registered handlers run, adding 1 and 10 to $n."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"The unique index allows only one row with a value of 1, so the second insert is ignored."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The unique constraint is deferred, so both inserts succeed until the transaction ends, and the count is 2."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The filter matches both test_sum methods, and each runs with three data sets."}

{"answer":"1, 1","explanation":"The non-static data provider causes PHPUnit to register the test as an error instead of running its two data sets."}

{"answer":"POST","explanation":"The `-d` option sends form data and makes curl use the POST method by default."}

{"answer":"GET","explanation":"The `-G` option makes curl send the data as query parameters in a GET request."}

{"answer":"invalid_client","explanation":"RFC 6749 specifies `invalid_client` when client authentication fails, including for an unknown client ID."}

{"answer":"URI fragment","explanation":"With response_type=token, the authorization server returns the access token in the redirect URI fragment."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"Twig’s `default` filter replaces `false` with `2`, and `2 * 3` is `6`."}

{"answer":"a3","explanation":"Addition is evaluated before concatenation, so the template renders the string `a3` without throwing an exception."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"The array is not considered blank by the NotBlank constraint, so validation returns no violations."}

{"answer":"Symfony\\Component\\Form\\Exception\\LogicException","explanation":"Calling `isValid()` on a form that has not been submitted throws Symfony’s form `LogicException`, which the catch block prints."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Services are shared by default, so both calls to `get('a')` return the same object."}

{"answer":"hi Bob!","explanation":"Compilation resolves the nested parameter references before `message` is retrieved."}

{"answer":960,"explanation":"At the 992px large breakpoint, Bootstrap 5.3 sets `.container` to a 960px max-width."}

{"answer":"text-danger","explanation":"Both classes have equal specificity, and Bootstrap’s generated CSS places `text-danger` after `text-primary`."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on both Application and Infrastructure, and both dependencies violate the rules."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on one Application class and two Infrastructure classes, all disallowed."}

{"answer":"10,15","explanation":"add() creates a new Money object with amount 15, leaving $a->amount at 10."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"Removing the only item throws before it is unset, so the count remains 1."}

{"answer":"hi","explanation":"The expression calls `hi()` on a new `C` instance and echoes the returned string."}

{"answer":"yesno","explanation":"The ghost is uninitialized before the property access, which triggers its initializer and makes it initialized."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Guard component’s AbstractGuardAuthenticator class was removed before Symfony 8.1."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"Symfony 8.1 no longer provides `AnnotationClassLoader`, while `AttributeClassLoader` exists."}