Карта знаний PHP — openai/gpt-6-luna, run-15 · think: low

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Double-quoted strings interpolate variables and escape sequences, while single-quoted strings generally do not."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The null coalescing operator checks variables with isset semantics, so undefined variables do not trigger warnings."}

{"answer":"ab","explanation":"The echo statement outputs its arguments consecutively with no separator."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, `print` outputs a value and returns 1, so it can be used in an expression."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Elvis operator returns its left operand when it is truthy; otherwise, it returns its right operand."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition and subtraction have higher precedence than string concatenation."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP exponentiation is right-associative, so 2 ** 3 ** 2 evaluates to 2 ** (3 ** 2), which is 512."}

{"answer":"sum: 5","explanation":"In PHP 8, addition has higher precedence than string concatenation."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Strict array comparison requires the same key-value pairs in the same order and with matching types."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The == operator performs a loose comparison, and 0 == false evaluates to true."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, a non-numeric string compared with a number is compared as a string, so \"abc\" == 0 is false."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In PHP, `null == 0`, `null == \"\"`, and `null == false` are all true under loose comparison."}

{"answer":42,"explanation":"PHP converts the leading numeric portion of the string to an integer."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"PHP converts the numeric string '5' to a number before adding."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP, casting false to a string produces an empty string."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP floating-point arithmetic cannot represent these decimal values exactly, so the sum is not strictly identical to 0.3."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strrev() reverses bytes, so it does not correctly reverse multibyte UTF-8 characters."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The string 'Hello world' contains the substring 'world'."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"str_pad() can pad on the left, right, or both sides."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, trim() removes spaces, tabs, newlines, carriage returns, NUL bytes, and vertical tabs."}

{"answer":5,"explanation":"In UTF-8, é uses two bytes and the other four characters use one byte each."}

{"answer":"def","explanation":"A negative start offset counts back from the end of the string."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ucfirst() returns a new string with the first character capitalized; it does not modify the input in place."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Heredoc interpolates variables, while nowdoc treats its contents as literal text."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"sort() reindexes the array with numeric keys and does not preserve key-to-value associations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP converts valid decimal integer string array keys to integers."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, in_array() uses loose comparison; pass true as its third argument to enable strict comparison."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"When no callback is provided, array_filter() removes elements PHP considers empty."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, array_slice() reindexes numeric keys; pass true as the fourth argument to preserve them."}

{"answer":[20,30],"explanation":"It returns two elements starting at index 1."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"PHP array union keeps the left-hand value for duplicate keys and includes the new key, resulting in two elements."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.1 allows string keys in array unpacking, with later duplicate keys overwriting earlier ones."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Named arguments can be combined with unpacking when the unpacked array has string keys for named arguments."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An anonymous function must use a `use` clause to capture variables from the outer scope."}

{"answer": 3, "explanation": "func_num_args() returns the number of arguments passed to the function."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions use a single expression and cannot have a statement block in curly braces."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP arrow functions automatically capture outer variables by value, not by reference."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A static closure is not bound to an object and therefore does not capture $this."}

{"answer":5,"explanation":"The closure captures $x by value when it is created, so it returns 5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Without strict_types, PHP coerces a numeric string such as \"5\" to an int for an int parameter."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.0 and later support constructor property promotion."}

{"answer":"final","explanation":"The final keyword prevents a method from being overridden in subclasses."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A final method cannot be overridden by a subclass."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Private properties are accessible only within the class that declares them."}

{"answer":"class@anonymous","explanation":"An anonymous class name begins with `class@anonymous` before the NUL byte."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A private parent method is not inherited, so the child may declare a same-named method with any visibility."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"__get() is called when accessing inaccessible properties as well as properties that do not exist."}

{"answer":"Error","explanation":"Reassigning an initialized readonly property throws an Error."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare constants, which implementing classes inherit."}

{"answer":"instanceof","explanation":"The `instanceof` operator checks whether an object belongs to a class or implements an interface."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP interfaces can declare static methods that implementing classes must define."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The instanceof operator checks whether an object’s class implements an interface as well as whether it belongs to a class hierarchy."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP interface methods declare a contract and cannot provide method implementations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Abstract methods may be declared public or protected, but not private."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"Foo::cases() returns one element for each enum case."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Since PHP 8.2, traits can declare constants."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Both Exception and Error implement the Throwable interface."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"TypeError extends Error, not Exception, so it is not caught by catch (Exception $e)."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The @ operator suppresses certain error messages, but it does not suppress exceptions."}

{"answer":"DivisionByZeroError","explanation":"In PHP, intdiv() throws DivisionByZeroError when the divisor is zero."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A finally block runs whether or not an exception is caught."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An exception thrown in a finally block can override the result or exception from the try block."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Objects in PHP are truthy when cast to boolean."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Shutdown functions registered with register_shutdown_function() run when the script terminates, including when exit is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The use statement only creates a namespace alias and does not load the class file."}

{"answer":"function","explanation":"Use `use function` to import a function."}

{"answer":"Controller/Api/UserController.php","explanation":"The `App\\` prefix maps to `src/`, so the remaining namespace becomes the file path."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Composer’s vendor/autoload.php registers its autoloader using spl_autoload_register()."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"__NAMESPACE__ evaluates to the name of the current namespace, or an empty string in the global namespace."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In a namespace, an unqualified class name in `new` is resolved relative to the current namespace."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PSR-4 maps the namespace suffix Model\\User to src/Model/User.php."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Namespace import statements must be declared at the top level, not inside a function body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP arrays use value semantics, so assignment copies the array unless references are explicitly used."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"PHP uses copy-on-write, so appending to $b does not change $a."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Function scope does not include global variables unless they are explicitly accessed or passed in."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Unsetting `$GLOBALS['x']` removes the global variable from the global scope, not just within the function."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The function increments $n by reference."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A by-value foreach iterates a separate array copy, so changes to the original array are not reflected during that pass."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A static property belongs to the class and is shared by all instances."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHP converts boolean array keys to integers: true becomes 1 and false becomes 0."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A generator can return a value, which is retrieved after it finishes with Generator::getReturn()."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A fully consumed generator cannot be rewound and traversed again."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `yield from` construct delegates iteration to another generator or iterable."}

{"answer":"Generator","explanation":"Calling a generator function returns a Generator object."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The generator yields three values, so the resulting array contains three elements."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SplStack implements a last-in, first-out (LIFO) stack, not a FIFO queue."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"ArrayIterator wraps arrays and provides iterator methods for traversing their elements."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ArrayObject implements the interfaces required to be traversed with foreach."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"password_hash() generates a cryptographically secure salt automatically when one is not provided."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In PHP 8, PASSWORD_DEFAULT uses bcrypt, not MD5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The hash generated from 'secret' verifies successfully against 'secret'."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"strip_tags() removes HTML and PHP tags but does not prevent SQL injection."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Regenerating the session ID after login helps prevent an attacker from reusing a known session ID."}

{"answer":"php_sapi_name()","explanation":"It returns the current PHP SAPI name, such as \"cli\"."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"session_destroy() removes server-side session data but does not delete the session cookie in the browser."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Session data is available in $_SESSION only after session_start() initializes the session."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"The array_find() function was introduced in PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.4 introduced property hooks, allowing get and set behavior to be declared directly on properties."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.4 introduced asymmetric property visibility, allowing separate visibility for reading and writing."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The #[\\NoDiscard] attribute was introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The pipe operator (|>) was introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.3","explanation":"Clone-with syntax was introduced in PHP 8.3."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The array_first() and array_last() functions were introduced in PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"8.6","explanation":"Partial Function Application v2 was adopted for PHP 8.6."}

{"answer":"8.5","explanation":"The clamp_v2 RFC was implemented for PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Context Managers v2 has not been adopted as a PHP RFC."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Bound-Erased Generic Types RFC was declined in 2026."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"ZTS has not been enabled by default in PHP through the stated date."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 8.5 does not include native generics, though static-analysis tools can model them with annotations."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"As of 2026-11-07, PHP 8.5 is the latest stable release, and PHP 8.6 has not yet reached its scheduled GA date."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHP 6 was abandoned, and PHP 7.0 followed PHP 5.6."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The RFC adding the built-in #[\\Deprecated] attribute was accepted for PHP 8.4."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In clean and onion architecture, dependencies point inward toward the core, so inner layers do not depend on outer layers."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Domain entities should depend only on PHP and, if needed, the standard library."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Controllers and Twig templates belong to the presentation layer, even when controllers call use cases."}

{"answer":"domain model","explanation":"The domain model sits at the center of onion architecture."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A layer-dependency analyzer can detect forbidden dependencies and fail when a layer boundary is violated."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Use cases should depend on application-level inputs and abstractions, not HTTP requests or concrete infrastructure such as an EntityManager."}

{"answer":"Repository","explanation":"A repository provides access to aggregates or entities while abstracting the underlying storage mechanism."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Clean Architecture isolates database-specific code in outer-layer adapters so the domain and use cases remain unchanged."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"An aggregate is a domain model boundary for consistency, not a database table."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Value Objects are immutable and are considered equal when their field values are equal, regardless of identity."}

{"answer":"aggregate root","explanation":"The aggregate root is the single external entry point through which all changes to an aggregate must go."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A repository provides access to aggregate roots, while entities within an aggregate are accessed through the root."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Ubiquitous language is the shared vocabulary used by developers and domain experts to describe the domain model."}

{"answer":"bounded context","explanation":"A bounded context defines the boundary within which a model and its language have consistent meaning."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DDD generally favors rich domain models that encapsulate behavior rather than objects limited to getters and setters."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"In bounded contexts, the same concept may have different models and representations in different contexts."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony services are generally instantiated when first requested from the container."}

{"answer":"php bin/console debug:router","explanation":"The debug:router command lists all registered routes in a Symfony application."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony autowiring can automatically register and inject services without manually declaring each one in services.yaml."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig compiles templates into PHP code and can cache the compiled templates between requests."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony’s development container is rebuilt when tracked resources change, rather than on every request."}

{"answer":"APP_ENV","explanation":"Symfony uses the APP_ENV environment variable to select the active environment."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony routes controller actions to public methods, not private methods."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Event subscribers and listeners are invoked according to their configured priorities, not by subscriber status."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 6 removed the Guard authentication system in favor of the authenticator-based system."}

{"answer":"IsGranted","explanation":"The #[IsGranted] attribute denies access with a 403 when the required role or permission is missing."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony voters make authorization decisions for specific subjects, such as a post, using attributes like EDIT."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 7 supports PHP attributes, but Doctrine-style annotations are still supported when the annotations package is installed."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony form CSRF protection is enabled by default and validates the token when the form is submitted."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony validates submitted form data on the server regardless of client-side HTML5 validation."}

{"answer":"make:form","explanation":"The `make:form` command generates a FormType class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony stores authentication data in the session, not the user's plain-text password."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony package configuration is typically stored in config/packages, with files organized by bundle or configuration topic."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The committed .env can contain development defaults, while .env.local is excluded from version control and holds real secrets."}

{"answer":"php bin/console debug:container","explanation":"The `debug:container` command lists registered services and their aliases."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony freezes the compiled container, so parameters cannot be changed at runtime from a controller."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony services are private by default and generally cannot be fetched directly from the container."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A bundle can work without a configuration file if it does not require configuration."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony uses the %env(VAR)% syntax to reference environment variables in services.yaml."}

{"answer":"APP_DEBUG","explanation":"Symfony uses APP_DEBUG to enable or disable debug mode."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony Messenger can route a message to multiple handlers."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The sync transport handles the message immediately in the current process rather than queuing it for a worker."}

{"answer":"php bin/console messenger:consume async","explanation":"The messenger:consume command starts a worker for the async transport."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Messenger retry strategies are configured individually for each transport."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Messenger’s default serializer uses PHP serialization, not JSON."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Scheduler triggers messages according to a schedule and dispatches them through Messenger."}

{"answer":"doctrine","explanation":"The Doctrine transport stores Messenger messages in database tables via Doctrine."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony Messenger allows custom middleware to be added before or after built-in middleware."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony releases minor versions in May and November, with major versions generally arriving every two years."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8 requires PHP 8.4 or higher."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 7.0 removed support for docblock annotations in favor of PHP attributes."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper manages frontend assets without requiring Node.js or a bundler, using an import map configured in importmap.php."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 6.4 is a long-term support (LTS) release."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony major releases may remove features that were deprecated in the previous branch."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony publishes upgrade guides describing changes for each major release."}

{"answer":"AssetMapper","explanation":"Symfony AssetMapper manages assets and import maps without requiring Node.js or Webpack."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 was scheduled for release in November 2026, before November 7."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony follows a six-month release cycle, with Symfony 8.2 scheduled for November 2026."}

{"answer":"8.2","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 follows Symfony 8.1."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is a minor release and does not require applications to be rewritten for new APIs."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Minor PHP releases can introduce backward-incompatible changes, so code changes may be required."}

{"answer":"8.4","explanation":"Symfony 8.4 is the final minor release in the 8.x branch before Symfony 9.0."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Symfony 8.2 is expected to retain Symfony 8’s PHP 8.4 minimum rather than require PHP 8.5."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Symfony keeps deprecated features available throughout the 8.x branch and removes them in Symfony 9.0."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig restricts function calls to registered Twig functions rather than allowing arbitrary PHP code."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig automatically escapes printed variables by default when autoescaping is enabled."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig’s |e filter escapes a string for the specified context, defaulting to HTML."}

{"answer":"format_number","explanation":"The `format_number` filter formats a number according to the selected locale."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The `raw` filter marks a value as safe so automatic escaping is disabled."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Twig uses `{{ }}` to output values and `{% %}` for control-flow and other tags."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Twig lets you declare variables inside a template using the `set` tag."}

{"answer":"dump","explanation":"Twig’s `dump()` function displays the debug structure of a variable."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap provides styling and UI components, but it is not an SPA framework."}

{"answer":"container","explanation":"The .container class provides a responsive fixed max-width at each breakpoint."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap’s grid uses 12 columns, and modern versions use CSS flexbox rather than floats."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap has five breakpoint infixes: sm, md, lg, xl, and xxl."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Spacing utility numbers correspond to multiples of the $spacer value."}

{"answer":"data-bs-toggle","explanation":"Bootstrap 5 uses the data-bs-toggle attribute to enable interactive components such as dropdowns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Bootstrap 5 uses vanilla JavaScript and no longer requires jQuery."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Bootstrap enables dark mode with the data-bs-theme=\"dark\" attribute, not a .dark class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM does not automatically create tables at runtime; schema creation or migration must be performed separately."}

{"answer":"persist","explanation":"persist() marks a new entity as managed, and its SQL is executed when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Doctrine ORM 3 removed EntityManager::merge(), so it cannot make the passed object managed."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"DQL operates on entity classes and their fields rather than directly on database tables and columns."}

{"answer":"null","explanation":"The repository returns null when no record with that ID exists."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"DoctrineBundle does not automatically call flush() at the end of each request."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"The Unit of Work tracks changes to managed entities and writes them when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"In Doctrine, remove() schedules the deletion, which is executed when flush() is called."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"MVCC generally allows readers and writers to proceed without blocking each other."}

{"answer":"EXPLAIN","explanation":"EXPLAIN displays a query’s execution plan without running the query."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"SERIAL uses a sequence and column default, while GENERATED AS IDENTITY is a distinct SQL-standard feature."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"By default, PostgreSQL treats NULL values as distinct in UNIQUE constraints, so multiple rows may contain NULL."}

{"answer":"string_agg","explanation":"PostgreSQL's string_agg function concatenates values using a specified separator."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Plain VACUUM makes space from dead tuples reusable within the database but generally does not return it to the operating system."}

{"answer":"PARTITION BY","explanation":"PARTITION BY divides rows into groups for the window function."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"READ COMMITTED allows a repeated query to return different values if another transaction commits changes between reads."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"When no explicit transaction is active, PostgreSQL executes each statement in its own transaction and commits it on success."}

{"answer":"COMMIT","explanation":"The COMMIT command ends a transaction and saves its changes."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"Indexes help locate rows for UPDATE and DELETE statements that filter on indexed columns."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A SAVEPOINT lets PostgreSQL roll back part of a transaction without undoing the entire transaction."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"EXPLAIN ANALYZE executes the query and reports actual execution details alongside the plan."}

{"answer":"pgvector","explanation":"pgvector adds vector types and indexes for similarity search in PostgreSQL."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A partial index includes only rows that satisfy its WHERE condition."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PostgreSQL SERIALIZABLE uses predicate locking to detect serialization conflicts rather than locking every row read."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 201 Created indicates that the request successfully created a new resource."}

{"answer":204,"explanation":"HTTP 204 No Content indicates success with no response body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"DELETE is idempotent because repeating it has the same intended effect on the resource."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The server sends Access-Control-Allow-Origin to indicate which client origins may access its responses."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"HTTP 429 indicates that the client has sent too many requests in a given period."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"4xx codes indicate client errors, while 5xx codes indicate server errors."}

{"answer":"Content-Type","explanation":"The Content-Type header specifies the MIME type of the body."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"RFC 5789 states that PATCH is not inherently idempotent, whereas PUT is defined as idempotent."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Use a password verification function such as password_verify() rather than comparing hashes with ==."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"CSRF tokens are typically tied to a user's session and checked server-side on state-changing requests."}

{"answer":"Content-Security-Policy","explanation":"The Content-Security-Policy response header enables a CSP policy."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"OAuth 2.0 is an authorization framework, and an access token does not necessarily identify the user."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"Input validation alone does not prevent XSS; encode untrusted data appropriately when displaying it."}

{"answer":"code","explanation":"The authorization server sends the authorization code to the redirect URI, where it can be exchanged for an access token."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"A refresh token can be used to obtain new access tokens after shorter-lived access tokens expire."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A salt is stored alongside the hash and is not intended to be secret."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit discovers test methods in test classes that extend a supported TestCase class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"setUp() runs before each test; setUpBeforeClass() runs once before all tests in the class."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A data provider can supply multiple sets of arguments for separate test runs."}

{"answer":"expectException","explanation":"Call expectException() with the expected exception class name."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"A stub provides predefined responses, while a mock can verify expected interactions."}

{"answer":"yes","explanation":"PHPUnit 10 recommends the #[DataProvider] attribute, and the @dataProvider annotation is deprecated."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"PHPUnit supports test dependencies, allowing one test to use another test’s result."}

{"answer":"--order-by=random","explanation":"The --order-by=random option runs tests in random order."}

{"answer":"3-3","explanation":"`intdiv` truncates both quotients toward zero, and concatenation produces `3-3`."}

{"answer": -9, "explanation": "Exponentiation has higher precedence than unary negation, so this evaluates as -(3 ** 2)."}

{"answer":"true","explanation":"Both strings are numeric and evaluate to 10, so they compare equal."}

{"answer":"other","explanation":"In PHP 8+, the non-numeric string 'a' does not loosely match the integer 0, so the default case runs."}

{"answer":"2c","explanation":"`strtr` matches the longest key at each position, so `ab` is replaced with `2`."}

{"answer":"[hello]","explanation":"A negative offset beyond the string’s length starts at the beginning."}

{"answer":"k,n,m","explanation":"The array union keeps the left-hand value for duplicate keys and appends the new key from the right-hand array."}

{"answer":"yxz","explanation":"The rows sort by their third values as 1, then 2, then 2, preserving the original order of the ties."}

{"answer":4,"explanation":"String keys in the unpacked array are treated as named arguments, so the call evaluates to 5 - 1."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The callable retains the object, so it returns the property value 3."}

{"answer":"B","explanation":"`static::class` resolves to the runtime class, which is `B`."}

{"answer":10,"explanation":"The set hook stores twice the assigned value, so the property becomes 10."}

{"answer":"BA","explanation":"The class uses `TB::f` as `f` and aliases `TA::f` as `g`, producing `B` followed by `A`."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"Each class using the trait gets its own static property, so CY::$n remains 0."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The return in the finally block overrides the return from the try block."}

{"answer":"second","explanation":"The exception thrown in the finally block replaces the original exception and is caught."}

{"answer":"App\\Foo|Baz","explanation":"The imported alias resolves to `App\\Foo`, while `\\Baz::class` names the global class `Baz`."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The unqualified string checks for global `Foo` (not found), while `Ns\\Foo` exists."}

{"answer":"1,2,99","explanation":"After the loop, `$v` still references the array’s last element, so assigning 99 changes it."}

{"answer": 3, "explanation": "The inherited method shares the same static local variable, so the third call returns 3."}

{"answer":11,"explanation":"Calling send() starts the generator and supplies 10 as the value of the yield expression, so it returns 11."}

{"answer":"1,2,ok","explanation":"The delegated generator yields 1 and 2, then its return value 'ok' is yielded by the outer generator."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"The first check matches the hash settings, while the second uses a different cost."}

{"answer":"strict-in","explanation":"E_ALL includes the E_STRICT bit (2048), so the condition is false."}

{"answer":"mapped","explanation":"Symfony maps the `HTTP_X_TOKEN` server value to the `X-Token` request header."}

{"answer":"BCA","explanation":"Listeners run in descending priority order: 10, 5, then the default priority 0."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Doctrine returns the same managed entity instance for repeated lookups of the same identifier."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"Removing a new entity before flush cancels its scheduled insertion, so the table remains empty."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"COUNT(x) counts only non-NULL values, and there is one."}

{"answer":"10,30,60","explanation":"The window sum produces 10, 30, and 60 in ID order, which are concatenated with commas."}

{"answer":"M1M2, then an uncaught LogicException","explanation":"Both middleware print their tags before the exhausted stack throws."}

{"answer":11,"explanation":"Both handlers run, adding 1 and 10 to `$n`."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"The unique index allows only one row with a value of 1, so the second insert is skipped."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The deferred unique constraint is not checked until the transaction commits, so both rows are present when counted."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"The filter matches both `test_sum` and `test_sum_abs`, each with three data sets."}

{"answer":"1, 1","explanation":"The non-static data provider is invalid in PHPUnit 10.5, so PHPUnit reports one test error."}

{"answer":"POST","explanation":"The `-d` option sends data using POST by default."}

{"answer":"GET","explanation":"The `-G` option makes curl append the `-d` data to the URL and send a GET request."}

{"answer":"invalid_client","explanation":"RFC 6749 specifies `invalid_client` when client authentication fails or the client is unknown."}

{"answer":"fragment","explanation":"With response_type=token, the access token is returned in the redirect URI fragment."}

{"answer":6,"explanation":"Twig’s default filter replaces false with 2, and 2 × 3 is 6."}

{"answer":"Twig\\Error\\RuntimeError","explanation":"The concatenated string is then added to an integer, causing a runtime error that Twig wraps in Twig\\Error\\RuntimeError."}

{"answer":0,"explanation":"The array is non-empty, so it does not violate the NotBlank constraint."}

{"answer":"Symfony\\Component\\Form\\Exception\\LogicException","explanation":"Calling isValid() on a form that has not been submitted throws Symfony’s form LogicException."}

{"answer":"same","explanation":"Services are shared by default, so both calls return the same object."}

{"answer":"hi Bob!","explanation":"Compilation resolves nested parameter placeholders before the parameter is retrieved."}

{"answer":"960px","explanation":"At the 992px large breakpoint, Bootstrap 5.3 sets `.container` to a 960px max-width."}

{"answer":"text-danger","explanation":"Both classes have equal specificity, and Bootstrap’s generated CSS places `.text-danger` after `.text-primary`."}

{"answer":2,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on both Application and Infrastructure, which are both forbidden by the rules."}

{"answer":3,"explanation":"The Domain class depends on one Application class and two Infrastructure classes, all disallowed by the rules."}

{"answer":"10,15","explanation":"add() returns a new Money object, leaving $a unchanged."}

{"answer":1,"explanation":"Removing the only item throws before it is unset, so the count remains 1."}

{"answer":"hi","explanation":"PHP 8.5 calls `hi()` on the newly created `C` instance and echoes its return value."}

{"answer":"yesno","explanation":"The object is initially an uninitialized lazy ghost, and accessing `$o->v` runs the initializer."}

{"answer":"no","explanation":"The Guard component’s AbstractGuardAuthenticator class was removed before Symfony 8.1."}

{"answer":"noyes","explanation":"Symfony 8.1 no longer provides AnnotationClassLoader, while AttributeClassLoader exists."}